Detection

Initiating events or situations that have led or could lead to an emergency, are promptly detected.

Classification

The emergency is correctly classified in order to trigger appropriate immediate response actions.

Notification

Off-site authorities are notified in due time to allow an effective off-site response, in accordance with local emergency plans.

Activation

The generating station emergency organization reaches the capability to perform its functions within prescribed time limits.

Emergency management operations are established in a timely manner.

Mitigation at the scene of the emergency

Prompt and effective actions are taken to confine or eliminate the hazard.

Mitigation in the control room

Prompt and effective actions are taken to reduce the consequences of an emergency inside the station and in the environment.

On-site notification

All the on-site personnel are promptly alerted in order to trigger immediate protective actions and to activate the emergency organization.

Hazard assessment 

The consequences for on-site personnel are properly evaluated and appropriate decisions are made regarding on-site protective actions.

Protection of on-site emergency personnel

The dose to on-site emergency workers is kept below established dose criteria.

Protection of non-essential personnel

Personnel are removed from dangerous areas and their doses are kept below established dose criteria.

Medical

Appropriate medical actions are provided to casualties while minimizing the spread of contamination.

Hazard assessment - Off-site

The off-site impacts and needs for protective actions are correctly and promptly evaluated.

Liaison

The information, expertise and resources required to support off-site authorities are provided in accordance with emergency response plans.

Public information

Timely and consistent information is provided to the public concerning on-site events and actions of the on-site organization.

Assessment

The conditions that terminate the emergency are recognized and properly assessed.

Recovery planning

Changes in organization and operations that will be required during the transition to recovery are identified and due regards are given to workers’ safety.

Notification

On-site and off-site organizations are notified of the end of the station emergency so that appropriate actions can be taken by all response organizations.

Notification

The local (PAZ and UPZ) authorities are notified in order to permit a timely and effective response.

Communication

All information and data required to allow effective decisions and implementation of protective actions are shared between relevant response organizations.

Assessment and decisions

The assessment and decisions on urgent protective actions by the outside emergency organization’s TSC are correct, based on the information available at the time, and lead to a reduction of the dose and hazard to the exposed population.

Alerting the public

The public is promptly alerted of an emergency so that prompt urgent protective actions can be implemented without undue delay.

Evacuation

When required, the evacuation of the population is conducted in an efficient and timely manner that reflects the degree of risk.

Sheltering

When required, sheltering of the affected population is implemented in a timely manner.

Stable iodine

When required, stable iodine is made available to the exposed population in a timely manner.

Contamination control for the population

Evacuees are monitored for radioactive contamination in a timely manner and, if required, decontaminated. When affected by a release, the sheltered population implements basic personal decontamination techniques.

Dose control during emergency response

The dose to emergency personnel is kept below established dose criteria.

General contamination control

The spread of contamination outside the emergency zone is minimized. The health impact of contamination on emergency workers is minimized.

Medical care

Medical screening and first aid to injured people are provided in a timely manner.

Emergency services

Emergency services are provided and maintained during the implementation of urgent protective actions.

Informing the public

The public is kept continuously informed of the hazard and of measures in place to protect the population.

Rumour control

False rumours are promptly corrected to avert public information crises.

Assessment

The affected area where longer-term protective actions may be required is identified.

Food control

The dose through ingestion to the population is kept below established criteria through food control measures.

Temporary relocation and resettlement

The population is relocated or resettled on the basis of established criteria.

Psychological impact

The psychological impact on the population and emergency workers is minimized.

Assessment

The conditions that downgrade or terminate the emergency are properly assessed.

Transition

Plans are developed to ensure smooth and coordinated transition from state of emergency to recovery.